Problems Set Meeting 9 (October 23/24)

1. Referring to the conversion of 2,6-dimethylnitrobenzene to to 2,6-dimethylaniline, answer the following questions.

a. Why is concentrated hydrochloric acid needed in the first part of the reaction?

b. What is the function of the glacial acid acid in the reaction?

c. What is the function of the potassium hydroxide solution?

d. Why is potassium carbonate used to dry the organic layer here?

2. Lidocaine is used in several medical applications. What is it's advantage over compounds like morphine or opium?

3. Diethyl ether is distilled off using the setup shown on page 46 of the reader. Answer the following questions:

a. Where do you clamp your setup?

b. What do you use as a heat source here?

c. Why is it important to have a good seal at the connection between the three-way distilling head and the water jacketed condenser?

d. During the distillation, water is circulated through the water jacketed condenser. Where do you connect the water hose coming from the tap?