Solvent	Formula	m.p. (oC)	b.p. (oC)	Density (g/cm3)	Dielectric Constant	tan δ	Log Kow	eo(SiO2)	eo (Al2O3)	η(cp) (20 oC)	P	UV Cutoff nm	Solubility in water	Health hazards
Acetic Acid	CH3COOH	17	118	1.049	6.2	0.174	-0.17	>0.73	large	1.25	6.2	260	∞	Corr.
Acetone	CH3(C=O)CH3	-95	56	0.790	21.01	0.054	-0.24	0.47	0.56	0.32	5.1	330	∞
Acetonitrile	CH3C≡N	-48	81	0.786	36.64	0.062	-0.34	0.50	0.65	0.37	5.8	190	∞
Benzene	C6H6	5	80	0.874	2.28		2.13	0.25	0.32	0.65	3	280	0.0720	C, M, T
Carbon disulfide	CS2	-23	77	1.263	2.64		1.84	0.14	0.15	0.36		380	0.20	C, M, T
Carbon tetrachloride	CCl4	-23	77	1.594	2.24		2.83	0.14	0.18	0.97	1.6	265	0.0820	C, M, T
Chloroform	CHCl3	-64	62	1.483	4.81	0.091	1.97	0.26	0.40	0.57	4.1	245	0.8220	C, M, T
Cyclohexane	C6H12	7	81	0.779	2.02		3.44	-0.05	0.04	0.98	0.2	210		M, T?
1,2-Dichloroethane	C2H4Cl2	-35	84	1.235	10.36	0.127	1.48	0.32	0.42	0.79	3.7	230	0.8720	C, M, T
Dichloromethane	CH2Cl2	-95	40	1.327	8.93	0.042	1.25	0.32	0.42	0.44	3.1	235	220	C, M, T
Diethyl ether	CH3CH2OCH2CH3	-116	36	0.714	4.27		0.89	0.38	0.38	0.22	2.8	218	7.520	M, T
1,2-Dimethoxyethane	CH3OCH2CH2OCH3	-58	84	0.863	7.20		-0.21			0.42		220	∞	M, T
Dimethylsulfoxide	CH3(S=O)CH3	18	189	1.101	47.24	0.825	-1.35	0.41	0.62	2.24	7.2	265	∞	M?
1,4-Dioxane	C4H8O2	12	101	1.034	2.22		-0.27	0.49	0.56	1.54	4.8	215	∞	M, T
Ethanol	CH3CH2OH	-114	78	0.789	25.3	0.941	-0.24	0.65	0.88	1.20	5.2	210	∞	M, T
Ethyl acetate	CH3COOCH2CH3	-84	78	0.900	6.08	0.059	0.73	0.38	0.58	0.46	4.3	255	8.520	M
Hexane	C6H14	-95	69	0.655	1.88	0.020	3.90	0	0	0.31	0.01	195		M, T?
Isopropanol	(CH3)2CHOH	-90	82	0.785	20.2	0.799	0.05	0.63	0.82	2.35	4.3	210	∞	T
Methanol	CH3OH	-98	65	0.791	33	0.659	-0.77	0.73	0.95	0.60	5.1	210	∞	T
Methylethyl ketone	C4H8O	-86	80	0.805	18.51	0.079	0.29	0.39	0.51	0.43	4.5	330	3510	T
N,N-Dimethylformamide	C3H7NO	-61	153	0.944	38.25	0.161	-1.01	0.76	0.91	0.91	6.4	270	∞
Nitromethane	CH3NO2	-29	101	1.382	37.27	0.064	-0.33	0.54	0.64	0.65	5.3	380	1020
n-Propanol	CH3CH2CH2OH	-127	97	0.804	20.8	0.757	0.25	0.60	0.82	2.30	4.3	210	∞	T
Pentane	C5H12	-130	36	0.626	1.84		3.39	0.00*	0	0.24	0	195		M, T?
Pyridine	C5H5N	42	116	0.982	12.4		0.70		0.71	0.94	5.3	330	∞	M, T?
Tetrahydrofuran	C4H8O	-108	66	0.889	7.52	0.047	0.46	0.35	0.45	0.55	4.2	220	∞	T
Toluene	C6H5CH3	-95	111	0.867	2.38	0.040	2.73	0.23	0.29	0.59	2.4	286	0.0516	T
Water	H2O	0	100	1.000	78.4	0.123		0.82	1.29	1.00	10.2	191

Legend:

* = defined values

tan δ= loss tangent at 2.45 GHz (Microwave)

Log K_ow= partition coefficient of unionized compound between n-octanol and water

e^o = eluotropic strength  (solvent strength parameter)

P  = polarity index according to Synder

η(cp) = viscosity of the compound at 20 ^oC

UV Cutoff = lower limit for the measurement in the UV-Vis spectrum

The solubility is given in g of solute in 100 g water. The superscript indicates the temperature it was recorded.

Health hazards: Corr=corrosive, C=carcinogen, M=mutagenic, T=teratogenic

General Rules:

1. Halogenated solvents possess a higher density than non-halogenated solvents.

2. Halogenated solvents are not flammable.

3. Ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether tend to form (explosive) peroxides. Thus, they can only be used for a limited time. Be careful when using them.

4. Low boiling solvents i.e., diethyl ether, dichloromethane, etc. can build up a significant pressure when used in extractions. Make sure that the solutions that you are using are at room temperature or below.