Week 4 Problem Set - 30BL (Turn in your computer assignment during week 5)

• DO PROBLEMS (I-II) DURING YOUR ASSIGNED LAB PERIOD. Include Part III into your prelab.
• ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS ARE TO BE DONE IN YOUR LAB NOTEBOOK.
• This assignment is worth 10 points and should take between 45-60 minutes to complete.
  
• Bring a black, blue and red pen (or crayon or pencil).
• TIME SAVER HINT: PLACE YOUR PC_SPARTAN PLUS FILES ON THE DESKTOP INSTEAD OF STORING THEM ON YOUR FOLDER IN THE STUDENT DIRECTORIES. BY DOING THIS YOUR CALCULATIONS WILL BE UP TO 10 TIMES FASTER BECAUSE THEY DON'T HAVE TO USE THE NETWORK!
• ATTENTION: PC_Spartan Pro application has a problem printing!
  BUT THERE IS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR PRINTING
  FROM SPARTAN. Here's what do:
  
  - Open a blank document in MS Word.
  - Copy the molecule from Spartan (Ctrl C)
  - Paste into Word
  - And print -- voila!
  

PART I. (Reduction of Camphor)

This assignment is to be completed in the UCLA Science Learning Center computing labs during the lab period (or afterwards if you don't complete it in the allotted time).

1. Optimize the above structural geometry of borneol, camphor and isoborneol. (see below instructions). Compare the heat of formation of borneol and isoborneol. Which one is thermodynamically more stable? How can you rationalize the differences?

2. Determine the dipol momentum for borneol, camphor and isoborneol. (see below instructions). In the GC spectrum, camphor has the shortest retention time, then isoborneol and borneol last. Can you rationalize the GC results based on the calculated dipole momenta of these compounds? (Note: The GC column is relatively non-polar.)

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Instructions:

• Build, minimize and save the structure. (don't forget to Minimize the structure after building it!!)

  this is the minimize button. Always minimize your structure before leaving the building mode.

• click on to enter View Mode
  
  
• Select Calculations from the Setup menu.

  
  

  The following window should appear. Select the options shown.

  

  Verify the Charge is Neutral and Multiplicity is Singlet. Click OK.

• Select Submit from Setup menu.

  
  

• When the calculation is completed you will be notified.
  
• Select Output from the Display menu.

  

  Record the heat of formation value given

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See these Helpful Hints for manipulating structures!

Note:

PART II. (Aldol Condensation)

1. Calculate the dipole moment for dihedral angles: 0 through 180 degrees in 15 degree increments. Plot the dipole moment of benzil vs. the dihedral angle.

Newman Projection of Benzil

Instructions:

• click on Constrain Dihedral angle tool,
  
• select the atoms shown below (i.e., both oxygens and and carbonyl carbons in the sequence O..C..C..O))
  

Click on the lock tool, , in the bottom right corner so that it looks like this,

Set the dihedral angle to 0 and hit the ENTER key.

• click on the minimize tool, , and wait for the operation to complete.
• click on the minimize tool, , a second time and wait for the operation to complete.
• Select Calculations from the Setup menu. The following window should appear. Select the options shown.
  

• Make sure the
• Click OK to close the window.
• Select Submit from Setup menu. When the calculation is completed you will be notified.
  
  
• Under the Display menu, select Properties.

  

• A window should appear (the values in this example should differ from yours). If there are no values in the window then you need to double click on the molecule.

  

• Record the dipole moment and energy given. (In this example the dipole = 3.9 debye).
• Calculate the dipole moment for dihedral angles: 0 through 180 degrees in 15 degree increments. (Hint: Just click on the pink bond and change the value in the box.). Do not define a new constraint at this point. This will confuse the program completely!
  
• For the higher angles (>120 degrees), you might have to uncheck the symmetry box in the setup calculation menu. However, sometimes it works better if the approach is for the higher angles is from 180 degrees going down.
• Using EXCEL, plot the dipole moment and energy of benzil vs. the dihedral angle (use MS Excel, XY Scatter plot). Rationalize the observed trends.

Part III: Phase Transfer Oxidation (due in prelab)