Illustrated Glossary of Organic Chemistry
Lewis acid-base adduct (Lewis acid-base complex):
A molecule formed by the
bonding
of a
Lewis acid
with a
Lewis base
, without simultaneous loss of a
leaving group
. (In other words the
Lewis acid
-
Lewis base
reaction cannot be a
substitution reaction
.) A
Lewis acid
-
Lewis base
adduct (or complex) is usually depicted with a raised dot between the
Lewis acid
and
Lewis base
components (
Lewis acid
.
Lewis base
), or (less commonly) an
arrow
indicating the electron donation from the
Lewis base
to the
Lewis acid
(
Lewis base
→
Lewis acid
).
Reaction of
borane
(
BH
3
; a
Lewis acid
) with
THF
(a
Lewis base
) occurs when an oxygen
lone pair
forms an oxygen-boron
bond
. The
reaction product
is a
Lewis acid
-
Lewis base
adduct, because all of the
reactant
atoms are part of the
product
; there is no
leaving group
. The
product
can be abbreviated as
BH
3
.
THF
or
BH
3
←
THF
.
Reaction of iodo
methane
(
CH
3
I; a
Lewis acid
) with
hydroxide ion
(
HO
-
; a
Lewis base
) to form
methanol
is not an example of
Lewis acid
-
Lewis base
adduct formation. Instead, it is an
S
N
2 reaction
because iodide
ion
(the
leaving group
) departs.
Related terms:
Addition reaction
,
substitution reaction
,
S
N
1 mechanism
,
BH
3
.
S(CH
3
)
2
,
Bronsted acid
,
Bronsted base
,
Lewis dot structure
,
Lewis structure
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